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Esprit Critique
Translations available in: French (original) | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | English | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Critical spirit
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
Doesn't the critical spirit consist? out to criticize but? to enir for truth only what one does have v? fi? What it is? 'assistance of logic, the statistics, the probabilit? or of the argumentation.
Will any reader and listener of argumentative speeches be int? S? rear this text which proposes some means for? borer its own opinion without letting itself misuse by speeches manipulators or erron?.

Much of? its argumentative, during these last months, is badly structur? (not of advertisement of the plan, not of reference mark? do S in the text), contain reasoning erron? a vocabulary unnecessarily compliqu? do T abound in quotations or others (whereas a R? rence would be enough if the author had his clean id?).

“Correct speech”, also call? politically correct”, is a type of speech which consists? tiliser certain words or expressions with an aim G? ral of D? nformer in order to emp? er any R? exion or D? T on a subject gift?

Idiots? in this premi? is the folds on is and L Â’ aggressivit? does U Â’ one carry? Â’ author.

We must thus including me communicate mani? clear, deep, Pr? and effective.

Does the objective of an effective communication consist of the R? lution of a dilemma: to render comprehensible a id? quickly and well. What? NT gift? diversit has? be recipient and data carriers, rel? impossible exercise.

Thus, Whatever the milked subject? it is essential R? ndre with the questions What, Which/For Which, O? and/How and Why. R? nses? be seven questions will allow compl? lies to determine the subject in D? mposant harmoniously. Remains? to hoisir if it is Pr? fire-rake of D? lopper certain aspects or of all them? ilibrer.
There are at least four approaches for Pr? nter a work.
1. Synth? that: one leaves? ments D? it? to arrive at the R? ltat.
2. Analytical: one leaves the R? ltat then one D? island them? ments.
3. Synth? Co-analytical: one leaves principal? ments to arrive at the R? ltat any D? it R? Li? lies them? ments.
4. Analytico-synth? that: one leaves the R? ltat then one D? island them? ments while pointing out R? Li? the R lie? ltats partial.

Can our communications have a stamp of smoothness for the construction of L Â’ Africa.

Jean Marc FEUSSOM

February 20, 2008 | 5:24 AM Comments  0 comments

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« Si les APE passaient, ce serait catastrophique pour les ACP »
Translations available in: French (original) | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | English | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

“If the APE passed, it would be catastrophic for the ACP STATES”
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
Aujourd Â’ today and tomorrow? ouakchott, Ministers Commercial and Finances of Communaut? conomic of the States D Â’ Africa of L western Â’ (CDEAO) R? issent for D? rminer the continuation of N? ciations on the agreements of partnership? nomic (APE) with L Â’ Union europ? . The Swiss sociologist and rapporteur sp? Al of L Â’ UNO on the right? Â’ food, has us Re? yesterday for D? ncer the pressures exerc? by the Europ Commission? on the ACP countries. Does L Â’ author of “L Â’ Empire of Shame”, Editions Beech, available out of pocket, see in the APE, another “Organization of the Hunger” by My? be world. Ziegler esp? what the “combat visionary of Pr? tooth Wade, L Â’ carries”. Do a support of size but the Africans, still go R? ster? (Talks)


Pensez you that the APE constitute a danger to the S? laughs? limentaire in Africa?

“Listen, I find that Pr? tooth Wade T? igneous D Â’ a great courage and D Â’ large a lucidit? our S Â’ to oppose firmly to the APE. Idiots? in it of these agreements is triple: L Â’ agreement of Cotonou which was to last jusqu Â’ in 2020 has? broken unilat? lement then qu Â’ it Pr? L Â’ asym yait? Pr IE? T free a acc? African farmers with the march? did North and give the possibilit? N m? time to raise taxation of the agricultural imports of North. If the APE passed, it would be catastrophic for the ACP STATES. Would these countries N Â’ have more the right to raise taxes douani? S, gold in? ts industrial strongly industrialis? like do Switzerland, France, etc, the customs play a R? N? igeable aujourd Â’ today. But the taxes douani? S are essential for the countries of the South. If African countries N Â’ had which it more, they S Â’ would still impoverish, and D Â’ F? dramatic. To do the APE S Â’ add L Â’ agreement D Â’ investment who Pr? it one? L treatment for a capital? anger as for an indigenous capital. Multinationals like Nestl? ourraient to require the m? does treatment what N Â’ import which SME S? galaise, but it is? tooth, and does L Â’ history L Â’ have montr? what without protection no industry indigenous can D? lopper. To make enter in comp? tion of the companies S? galaises with the premi? multinational and agro-alimentary in the world is quite simply impossible. C Â’ is as which would say a match of boxing between Mike Tyson and poor of the suburbs D Â’ Abidjan. C Â’ is madness! R? be are the m? S for both but the situation of D? rt is? demented person completely diff? nte. L Â’ agreement D Â’ investment is another catastrophe which threatens. J Â’ esp? much what the combat visionary Pr? tooth Wade L Â’ carries. There is a m? is incredible on behalf of Europ? S because L Â’ EU does make agricultural dumping with the S? Gall, in Mali, and everywhere. L Â’ year? derni? , the countries industrialis? do North have pay? 49 billion dollars of subsidies? Â’ export and? production has? country eurs. What makes qu Â’? andaga aujourd Â’ today, you can buy L? my and of the Portuguese fruits, fran? S, Spanish, Italian, Greeks, etc? oiti? U with the third of the price of the products S? galais? ivalents. Some kilom? be further, under a sun Br? does T, the Wolof peasant work with his wife and her children jusqu Â’? 5 hours per Â… day. And doesn't N Â’ have the least chance D Â’ acqu? R in? angel a minimum income D? NT. As I L Â’ have soulign? years L Â’ Empire of shame, little D Â’? be human on ground work as much and under conditions as difficult as the African peasants, Wolof of the S? Gall, Bambara of Mali, Mossi of Burkina or Bashi of Kivu. ”

Pr. Ziegler, O? ? S you with the hunger in the world and in particular in Africa?

“The number D Â’ affam? has augment? isn't the famine? of 842 million in 2005? 54 million in 2007. Do each day, 100,000 people die of hunger or its continuations imm? ates. Every 5 seconds, a child below 10 years dies of hunger. Every 4 minutes, quelqu Â’ one becomes blind for lack of vitamin A. The FAO which is dirig? by an S? galais remarkable, Jacques Diouf, who is the best DG than L Â’ organization ever knew, said that L Â’ world agriculture, in L Â’? T current of its D? loppement, could nourish without probl? S (2,700 calories/adult per day) twelve (12) billion D Â’? be human. We are currently 6,3 billion D Â’ individuals, C Â’ is? anger what double of L Â’ humanit? ourrait? E normally nourished, without recourse to the GMO. In other words, there N is no fatalit? Not, contrary? do E what say Europ? S: “C Â’ is terrible the famine in Africa! etc Â…”. Not, there N is no fatalit? a child who dies of hunger, dies assassin? Is L Â’ Africa Sub-saharienne particuli? frapp lies? because, between 1972 and 2002, the figure of those which are seriously and permanently underfeeds? is not? E 79 million? 02 million. In Africa, the hunger is a fl?. It increases D Â’ F? inqui? nte and constitutes a massacre with the daily newspaper. ”

L Â’ agriculture does not nourish any more its man in Africa. Are the African villages emptied of their youth which flees put? in dugouts of fortune. Is this for that which you have D? lopp? evant the Council of the Rights of L Â’ Homme this new concept: “R? gi? hunger”? Which S Â’ acts it?

“The policy of the agricultural dumping europ? D? uit life of the African farmers and that their children. Is C Â’? the lib? lism! With the m? is moment, L Â’ Europe barricaded against those which J Â’ have call? “R? gi? hunger”. It is those, which flee their country by “N? ssit?. They are not the R? gi?? nomic which is the people who migrate by suitability. I D? nds L Â’? T of N? ssit? ui is a well-known concept of the international law and majority of the national laws. L Â’? T of N? ssit? St objectively v? reliable. To survive, L Â’ affam? ILO to cross fronti? S. It does it it? lement. L Â’ it? reads? St supprim? by L Â’? T of N? ssit?

Aminata Traor? L Â’ old minister Malian which I do quote in my book, R? me well the situation: “human, financial and technological means that L Â’ Europe of 27 D? oient against African migratory flows are, in fact, those D Â’ a war in due form between this world power and of the young rural and urban Africans without D? nse, of which rights? Â’? cation? Â’ information? nomic, with work and? Â’ food is bafou? in many countries under structural adjustment etc ”

In 37 countries of the 53 which account the African continent, L Â’ essential of the national richness is produced by L Â’ agriculture. Are the APE born under the dictat from L Â’ OMC which practises a lib? irresponsible lism. Did L Â’ OMC have gift? N D? I? Â’ Union Europ? which did not go jusqu Â’ to 31 D? mbre, L Â’ enjoignant D Â’ to found the lib? total lisation. Is C Â’ a absurdit? D Â’ as much more than N? is ciation done under conditions D? stable. It is? tooth what the LDCS, of which the S? Gall, D? ndent much the coop? tion with D? loppement, of the EDF (the funds europ? D? loppement) and of the programs of coop? tion. Do some say that Louis Michel and his coll? be make blackmail: “sign the APE or you N Â’ will have more coop? tion”. NR? ciation or blackmail? Is C Â’ the m? ode utilis? who is D? stable. ”

But Professor, whom do you say to the Africans who launch out in the bio? anol?

“The Br fact? my? and of C? ales to transform them into agro-fuel is a crime. Is C Â’ true that L Â’ air becomes unbreathable in the countries more industrialis? O? does y have strong a densit? E cars. It is true qu Â’ with the climatic destruction, it is necessary to do something but substitute? Â’ fossil gasoline, p? oli? , the bio? anol constitutes a crime against L Â’ humanit? rear one Br? food to make L Â’ gasoline.

Does L Â’ EU want qu Â’ in 2020, 10% of the fuel utilis? N Europe is biocarburant. But which will produce it? Who will die of hunger moreover? Is C Â’? tooth, Africans! Only one example: if you fill tank with 50 L. with will your car, one need Br? 352 kilos of my? What can nourish during one year? a child in Zambia or in Mexico O? my? is basic food. One is in front of a crossroads. The countries industrialis? in one?? does E total want to keep to them mani? of living with their hundreds of million cars while passing simply from the fossil fuel to the agricultural fuel. “The Africans will produce us?”. I find that C Â’ is one?? E total. ”

However of do the countries weld? lopp? under food? are under the charm of the bio? anol. What to make?

“Do J Â’ have demand? L Â’ Assembl? G? rail of the United Nations? ew York L Â’ application D Â’ moratorium a five (5) years on biocarburant because science progresses tr? quickly. I am not against the biocarburants S Â’ they are obtained on D? ets agricultural; if this N Â’ is not them? S of bl? U Â’ one Br? but stems. I will be D Â’ agreement as a long time as L Â’ one will be able to obtain bio? anol with D? ets. I will say Tr then? Well, L Â’ important C Â’ is qu Â’ one does not touch? food has. ”

http://www.sudonline.sn/spip.php?article9158 Source

February 20, 2008 | 3:44 AM Comments  0 comments

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OMD et environnement !
Translations available in: French (original) | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | English | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

OMD and environment!
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
“To ensure does a durable environment” mean to exploit the natural richnesses intelligently and to protect the complex ecosystems whose survival depends on L? humanity. ” Such is the 7th objective of the millenium for development (OMD).

How to arrive there?

Aujourd? today, several priority fields were identified to carry out this objective. Actions are in hand in the rich countries like the poor, in the adults (or) as in the young people, in the well-read men as in the illiterates. In short, the combat for a durable environment became planetary.

For proof, the Nobel Prize of peace 2007, price which rewards “the personality more having or best contributed to the bringing together of the people, the removal or the reduction of the standing armies, the meeting and the propagation of progress for peace” was decreed in Al Gore and the GIEC (Intergovernmental Group of Experts on the Evolution of the Climate).

(This) Enthusiastic militant of the fight against the climatic reheating, this last is a personality of first order which allures by its being and its speech activist.

For my part, to ensure a durable environment requires a strong and reinforced basic education. L? environmental education is without null doubts a pillar to consider with more at the point to achieve this goal of the OMD.

In Africa, courses on the management of the household refuse, the management of the plastics, the degradation of the layer D? ozone, the role of L? man in the deterioration of L? environment and well D? others should be taught in the rural and urban schools, in official and local languages.

Because, S? it is allowed that the fight for a clean planet is L? is business of all the land ones, it as allowed as L? information, sensitizing and the formation are tools universally recognized to change the behavior of the men. This change will be D? as much more durable S? it has priority for the young people, the children of any edge and any obedience.

Is Ghana an example of success of L? environmental education. Is the tourist allured by the cleanliness of the road axes and L? automatism of the young people nothing to drop on the public highway. This behavior is the resultant D? an environmental education, encrée durably in the young people.

Our thus let us must, to educate young people, leaders of tomorrow to ensure a healthy environment. That D? as much more qu? it does not require many means: discussions of a few minutes in the districts, the courses of recreation, competition based on the safeguard of L? environment, organization of “clean” days, emissions radio, etc


“Nothing was done of large which is not an exaggerated hope. ” (Jules Verne)

Jean Marc FEUSSOM


February 8, 2008 | 6:36 PM Comments  0 comments

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La France a évacué 700 personnes du Tchad et déplacé ses Mirage
Translations available in: French (original) | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | English | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

France evacuated 700 people of Chad and moved its Mirage
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
PARIS (Reuters) - the French Army evacuated by plane more than 700 people of Djamena towards Libreville, in Gabon, vis-a-vis the offensive of the rebels who try to seize the power by the force.
(publicity)

Six military apparatuses are mobilized and nine rotations have taken place for Saturday evening, said an official statement of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs emitted at the beginning of evening.

“Approximately 200 and 250 French nationals and foreign remain currently gathered on the French military basis Kossei”, to Djamena, does not add the text.

Libreville, a Boeing 777 chartered by the Quay of Orsay and a A310 Airbus of the French Army await the people who arrive of Djamena. A first departure for Paris took place Sunday and the plane, with 130 French and 69 foreigners on board, was awaited towards 23h30 (22h30 GMT) with Roissy-Charles-of-Gaulle.

Boeing 777, of a capacity of 440 passengers, was to take off in the night of Sunday to Monday.

In the diplomatic plan, president Nicolas Sarkozy had a new telephone talk with his Chadian counterpart, Idriss Déby, brings back the Elysium. It “repeated to him that France, attached to the unit and the stability of Chad, firmly condemned the attempt at catch of being able by armed groups come from outside”.

France, pointed out the Minister for Defense, Herve Morin, is laid out to facilitate the departure of all the foreign nationals and French which would like to leave Chad.

“We note that there are an increasing share of our compatriots or foreign nationals who wish to leave the Chadian territory, therefore we adapt request progressively”, has it says on France Information.

The French Army carried out Sunday “much evacuations under perilous conditions”, according to Claude Guéant. Expressing itself at the time of the “Great Appointment " on Europe 1, TV5 World and the Parisian one Today, the secretary general of the Elysium quoted the embassies of the United States and Germany.

In addition, the six Mirage whose Paris had on the airport Djamena were moved. Herve Morin specified at Reuters that these planes, which accomplished reconnaissance flights above Djamena Sunday morning, are now in Libreville “for reasons of safety”.

DÉBY REMAINS PRESIDENT

Interrogé on the fate of president Déby and on information according to which France proposed to him to leave Chad Friday evening, Herve Morin answered indirectly.

“We made proposals which are those that one can carry out when there is a Head of State which is in a perilous situation, indeed,” it has says to France Information. “It is about a normal procedure which constitutes an obligation for a country which has of old agreements with Chad and for a president who was elected democratically”, it added.

Questioned before by Europe 1, Herve Morin made the point that Idriss Déby “remains the president of Chad in exercise” and has “the control of the near total of the Chadian army”.

With the microphone of France Information, it specified that Idriss Déby “took again the things in hand on part of Djamena, pushing back the rebellious forces on the periphery of the capital”. But, it has says, “nobody cannot say in which direction the things will turn”. “The situation is dubious”, it explained at Reuters TV.

“It has at least 2.000 more to 3.000 men under his authority”, added the Minister for Defense to Europe 1, in connection with Idriss Déby, specifying that according to his information the chief of staff of the Chadian army had died in the engagements. It did not give its name.

“Of the scenes of plundering” were announced during the night in the Chadian capital, added Herve Morin, but one does not note shifts in population “as one can know some in such circumstances in Africa”. It said to be unaware of the number of victims which the engagements would have made.

The rebels, added the minister, promise not to be caught some to the French nationals. “The rebels say to us that their step is not a step of hostility with regard to France. ”

Herve Morin pointed out that the military cooperation agreement which binds France to Chad relates “to the support, logistics (...), it is certainly not an agreement of defense”.

The only element, has it says “which would make that we would pass on a more operational phase would be a situation of self-defence or to protect our nationals” vis-a-vis the rebels, of which it estimated the number at between 2.000 and 3.000.

“A CIVIL WAR”

Claude Guéant for its part stressed that it was “about a civil war” and that France “can intervene only on one international mandate”.

The Foreign Minister, Bernard Kouchner, point out, in a maintenance with the Newspaper of Sunday, that the cooperation agreements technical “do not provide to in no case that one can take party in a conflict between Chadians”.

“Our support for the Chadian authorities - which remains -” adds Bernard Kouchner, “does not pass by a direct participation in the engagements”.

A rebellious chief, Timane Eridimi, which directs the Gathering for change (DRC), estimates, on the contrary, that France “persists in supporting” Idriss Déby, of which he is the nephew.

“France supported with end of arm this mode which is corrupted the most of the history of Africa”, it has says to the Newspaper of Sunday. “And now that this mode fell, instead of evacuating and to tie relations with us quickly, France persists in supporting Déby”.

Questioned on the deployment of the European force of Eufor peace, which was delayed by the engagements, it answers that if this force “has a noble mission which consists in making safe the moved populations and the taken refuge populations, we do not see any more any disadvantage with its presence”.

Gilles Trequesser

February 3, 2008 | 5:10 PM Comments  0 comments

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Tchad : des rebelles entrent dans N'Djamena
Translations available in: French (original) | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | English | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Chad: rebels enter Djamena
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
Automatic shootings of weapons are heard since the downtown area, then the French present in the capital started to gather for a possible evacuation.
Abrupt rise of tension to djamena. According to witnesses', rebels entered Saturday the part is and southern Chadian capital, whereas automatic shootings of weapons were heard with intensity since the downtown area.

“The engagements between the governmental forces and the rebels started with a score of kilometers in the north of Djamena”, had indicated at the beginning of morning a military source, specifying that the “forces are more or less balanced”. “The engagements are held at the northern entry of the city”, had confirmed Abakar Tollimi, one of the persons in charge for the rebels, contacted by satellite telephone. Before adding: “Deby and its troops are in rout. It will fall today, it is sure. ”


1.500 French present at Chad

In this tended context, the French present in the Chadian capital started to gather in three sites of the city for a possible evacuation at the request of the embassy of France. Some 1.500 French reside at Chad, including 85% with Djamena. The French Army, has presented in this country since 1986 with the 1.100 men of the Epervier device, reinforced for Friday with more than 100 soldiers come from Libreville, made safe the centers of regrouping and the large hotels of the capital.

Nicolas Sarkozy had already convened Friday evening in the Elysium a meeting “to evaluate the situation in Chad”. The Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner, his counterpart of Defense Herve Morin, the Secretary general of the Elysium Claude Guéant and the chief of Staff of the armies, the Georgelin general took part in the meeting. The principal private secretary of the Prime Minister, Jean-Paul Faugère, the chief of the particular Staff and the diplomatic adviser of the President of the Republic were also present.

February 2, 2008 | 10:34 AM Comments  0 comments

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